This posting is ~3 years years old. You should keep this in mind. IT is a short living business. This information might be outdated.
While migrating a customer from Exchange 2010 to Exchange 2016, I had to create an Exchange Hybrid Deployment, because the customer wants to use Microsoft Teams. Nothing fancy and I’ve did this a couple of times.
Unfortunantely the Hybrid Connection Wizard failed to create the migration endpoint. A quick check of the logs showed this error:
Microsoft.Exchange.MailboxReplicationService.MRSRemotePermanentException: The Mailbox Replication Service could not connect to the remote server because the certificate is invalid. The call to 'https://mail.contoso.com/EWS/mrsproxy.svc' failed. Error details: Could not establish trust relationship for the SSL/TLS secure channel with authority 'mail.contoso.com'. -->The underlying connection was closed: Could not establish trust relationship for the SSL/TLS secure channel. --> The remote certificate is invalid according to the validation procedure
The customer had not plans to move mailboxes to Exchange Online, so we didn’t care about this error. But the Calendar tab in Teams was not visible, and Teams logs stated that Teams was unable to discover the mailbox. A typical sign of a not working EWS connection.
It’s always TLS… or DNS… or NTP
The customer used a certificate from its own PKI, so it was not trusted by Microsoft. In addition, the Exchange was located behind a Sophos XG which was running Webserver Protection (Reverse Proxy). But this was not the main cause for the problems.
The root cause was the certificate from the customers PKI.
And therefore you should make sure to use a proper certificate from a 3rd CA for Exchange Hybrid Deployments. I really please every customer to stop using self-signed certificates, or certificates from their own PKI for external connections.
The customer has switched to a Let’s Encrypt certificate for testing purposes and the problems went away, without running the HCW again. He will now purchase a certificate from a 3rd party CA.
This posting is ~3 years years old. You should keep this in mind. IT is a short living business. This information might be outdated.
A couple of days ago, I wrote about our first steps to move our on-prem stuff to Azure. This post will cover how we adopted Office 365 and how we have started with our Azure deployment.
Our first step into Office 365 was Microsoft Teams. We needed a solution for calls (audio/ video) and chat. We skipped Skype 4 Business and started with Microsoft Teams.
Microsoft 2020 (c)
Our Microsoft Teams deployment was pretty simple: We used our Microsoft IUR Office 365 E3 plans. Microsoft Azure AD Connect was quickly deployed and the Microsoft Exchange Hybrid Connection Wizard did the rest. Some weeks later we deployed ADFS/ ADFS Proxy. We used this setup over several months and it was pretty slick and was working flawless. At this point, we only used Teams, Planner and OneDrive 4 Business (SharePoint).
Some months went by until we decided to move to Azure.
Resource groups in Azure
You can imagine a resource group (RG) as a container that contains one or more resources, like VMs, NICs, SQL instances etc. The resource group can contain all the resources for the solution, or only those resources that you want to manage as a group.
First question: What do we need to deploy?
The answer was easy:
in sum 9 VMs
VPN gateway
Recovery Services Vault
Automation Account
Log Analytics Workspace
Second question: One or multiple resource groups?
An easy rule of thumb is, that a resource group should contain only resources that share the same life cycle and sponsor.
Third question: Who needs delegated priviledges to manage this stuff?
In our case there was no need to fine-graded RBAC. All of our technical staff has a personalized admin account and should be able to do whatever is necessary.
To connect our on-prem network to Azure, we had to setup a Site-2-Site VPN. This was the first thing after creating our first resource group. We used a Gen 1 Basic VPN Gateway, which was sufficient for our needs (max 100 Mbit, no OpenVPN, no BGP).
Keep in mind to choose your networks and subnets wisely. If you need to deploy 9 VMs, don’t use 10.0.0.0/8. ;) In our case we added two network ranges with a single subnet in each network range. One for our server VMs, and a second subnet as gateway subnet.
VM Deployment
We deployed our VMs as B-Series VMs. A common mistake is to use the wrong VM size. Start small and right-size a VM if necessary. Most of our VMs are B2s (2 CPUs, 4 GB RAM). Only the Exchange (B4m), the management (B2ms) and the RDS server (B2ms) differ from this. This looks pretty small for Server 2019, but it is working pretty nice.
After deploying the VMs, we assigned static IP addresses to them. To our suprise most things in Azure are lacking proper IPv6 support. :( That hurt a lot.
For most VMs we used Standard HDDs instead of SSDs. Even for your file server, because the bottleneck is not the disk, it is the connection between clients and server. Beside this, we used managed disks for all VMs, and we deployed a second disk for data if necessary (Exchange, domain Controller, file server etc.).
If a server had a DNAT in our on-prem network, we deployed a public IP, and secured the access to it.
All VMs are connected to the same Network Security Group (NSG), which we use to get control over what a VM can reach, and who can access a VM.
Server Migration
Over a couple of days we moved more and more services to Azure, starting with our Domain Controllers, PKI and file services. These were low hanging fruits. The file server was easy because we already had a DFS namespace in place, so all we had to do were to change the DFS Links and point them to the new file server. The data was copied by using DFS replication.
DHCP was moved to our on-prem firewall. A printserver was not necessary any more. Windows Updates were switched back to download from Microsoft and Delivery Optimization.
The applications that were running on our Linux and Windows application server were also easy to migrate. After a couple of days we had our server workload running on Azure.
To get our ERP running, we deployed a single RDS host (quick deployment), and deployed our ERP as a remote app. It was too slow to use it over the VPN. Unfortunately the application lacks a proper database backend. :/ But as a remote app, it is working pretty good.
A bigger challenge was Exchange, but not because of the mailbox migrations.
Exchange Online
The migration to Exchange Online was pretty simple. Since our first HCW run, we used the central mail transport, so that all mails are received and sent by our on-prem mail gateway.
The mailbox migration was pretty easy and we had zero issues. Then we tried to switch the mail transport from central of Exchange Online. This was flawless too… except the fact, that our ticket system was unable to send e-mails.
Our ticket system relays its mail over our Exchange server. After switching the mail server in our ticket system to the new Azure based VM, the mails stuck in the outbound queue, even if the server tried to send the mail to our on-prem mail gateway. This quote from Microsoft explains the whole problem:
Starting on November 15, 2017, outbound email messages that are sent directly to external domains (such as outlook.com and gmail.com) from a virtual machine (VM) are made available only to certain subscription types in Microsoft Azure. Outbound SMTP connections that use TCP port 25 were blocked. (Port 25 is primarily used for unauthenticated email delivery.)
This change in behavior applies only to new subscriptions and new deployments since November 15, 2017.
This is the case for MSDN, Azure Pass, Azure in Open, Education, BizSpark, and Free Trial subscriptions!
If you created an MSDN, Azure Pass, Azure in Open, Education, BizSpark, Azure Sponsorship, Azure Student, Free Trial, or any Visual Studio subscription after November 15, 2017, you’ll have technical restrictions that block email that’s sent from VMs within these subscriptions directly to email providers. The restrictions are done to prevent abuse. No requests to remove this restriction will be granted.
If you’re using these subscription types, you’re encouraged to use SMTP relay services, as outlined earlier in this article or change your subscription type.
We accelerated our migration and disabled the central mail transport earlier than planned. Then we configured our Linux application server to authenticate against Exchange Online using SMTP Auth and SMTP Submission (587/tcp). For incoming mails, the mails are routed to the application server using a Exchange Online connector and a transport rule which matches to specific mail addresses.
The Azure based Exchange VM is only needed because we still have an Azure AD Connect running. Microsoft has planned to replace this by a new solution. And until this, we will run this Exchange 2016 in Azure. But it is not part of our mail flow.
Moving Azure AD Connect & decommissioning ADFS
Because we had to get rid of the ADFS server and ADFS Proxy, we deployed Pass-Through Authentication and Seamless SSO. Then we decommissioned the ADFS setup.
Moving Azure AD Connect was a bit quirky. We had conditional access already in place and the Azure AD Connect setup was unable to handle this. The synchronisation account was unable to sync, because it ran into a MFA request. We optimized our policies and got this sorted out.
Decommissioning old stuff
Whenever we moved a service successful to Azure, we switched off the on-prem server, and modified our documentation to reflect the made changes. At the end, we were able to switch off three of our four ESXi hosts. A last ESXi Host is still running for our Horizon View deployment and our firewall.
Next steps
The next post will cover how we automated this, how we do backups and whatever you’re interested in. Leave a comment! :)
This posting is ~3 years years old. You should keep this in mind. IT is a short living business. This information might be outdated.
As part of an ongoing Exchange 2010 to 2016 migration, I had to replace the self-signed certificate with a certificate from the customers PKI. Everything went fine, the customer had a suitable template, we’ve added the necessary hostnames and bound IIS and SMTP to the certificate. The mess started with an iisreset /noforce…
The iisreset took longer than expected. After that, I tried to login into the ECP, entered username and password and got an error.
<Event xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/win/2004/08/events/event">
<System>
<Provider Name="MSExchange Front End HTTP Proxy" />
<EventID Qualifiers="49152">1003</EventID>
<Level>2</Level>
<Task>1</Task>
<Keywords>0x80000000000000</Keywords>
<TimeCreated SystemTime="2020-10-22T12:16:38.934123400Z" />
<EventRecordID>368718</EventRecordID>
<Channel>Application</Channel>
<Computer>server.domain.tld</Computer>
<Security />
</System>
<EventData>
<Data>Owa</Data>
<Data>System.NullReferenceException: Object reference not set to an instance of an object. at
Microsoft.Exchange.HttpProxy.FbaModule.ParseCadataCookies(HttpApplication httpApplication) at
Microsoft.Exchange.HttpProxy.FbaModule.OnBeginRequestInternal(HttpApplication httpApplication) at
Microsoft.Exchange.HttpProxy.ProxyModule.<>c__DisplayClass16_0.<OnBeginRequest>b__0() at
Microsoft.Exchange.Common.IL.ILUtil.DoTryFilterCatch(Action tryDelegate, Func`2 filterDelegate, Action`1 catchDelegate)
</Data>
</EventData>
</Event>
Pretty strange. We switched back to the self-singned certificate, did an iisreset and everyting was fine again.So it was pretty obvious that the error was related to the certificate, or to be more clear, to the certificate template.
A short research confirmed this. The template was a modified v3 web server template from an Enterprise CA running Windows Server 2008 R2.
With Windows Server 2008, Microsoft introduced a new cryptographic API called Cryptography Next Generation (CNG), which separates cryptographic providers (algorithm implementation) from key storage providers (create, delete, export, import, open and store keys). The older CryptoAPI does not differ between this and implements cryptographic algorithms and key storage.
The modified template used CNG instead of CryptoAPI. We noticed this when we checked the certificate with certutil -store my <thumbprint>.
If the listed provider for the certificate is Microsoft Software Key Storage Provider, then you will have to re-import the certificate. If Microsoft RSA SChannel Cryptographic Provider is used, everything is fine.
You have to remove the certificate, then re-import it using
You need a PKCS#12 file (PFX) and the password. Re-import it and then you can use the certificate for Exchange. Bind services to it and restart the IIS.
This posting is ~3 years years old. You should keep this in mind. IT is a short living business. This information might be outdated.
It was a bit quiet here due to the current COVID 19 pandemic. But now I’m back with a pretty interesting story on how my colleagues and I moved most of our on-prem server stuff to Microsoft Azure and Office 365.
Microsoft 2020 (c)
It all started with the COVID19 lockdown in Germany in March 2020. We moved into our home offices after setting up a small VMware Horizon View deployment to access our PCs using physical View Agents and manual desktop pools. Most projects were stopped, and we did most of our work remote. No lay-offs or short-time work.
We were running a small VMware vSphere cluster for a couple of years. Nothing fancy: Two HPE ProLiants, vCenter, two DCs, File-/ Printserver, WSUS, Exchange, Linux maschines for web services, Sophos UTM, a pfSense, View Connection Server, UAG, ADFS/ ADFS Proxy, PKI etc. In sum 18 VMs on two hosts, some VLANs with firewalls in between etc. We were running Exchange 2016, AzureAD Sync, Exchange Hybrid, but we only used Microsoft Teams from our Office 365 deployment. Veeam Backup & Replication was used for backups, a backup copy to a NAS and some Robocopy jobs that moved Veeam Backups to USB drives for DR. Everything was pretty simple and designed to work without much operations. Our focus is on our customers, not on our internal IT. It was stable, secure and pretty slick.
In March 2020 we asked “What if?”. What if we lose our offices due to a fire (we are located in a bigger office building and we had a couple of fire alarms this year due to remodeling work). How can we work if your DSL line is cut? How can we get our backups offsite? How can we modernize our IT withtout big invests? Money, that we don’t spend on our internal IT can given to our employees. ;) (By the way, that’s the same reason why we try to drive smaller and more efficient cars…).
We developed a couple of ideas, including new servers, storage etc. and put that stuff into a datacenter. But in the end, we decided to move most of our stuff to Microsoft Azure and Office 365.
I want to share some of the things we have learned on the road to Azure.
Initial assessment
We used the Azure Migrate Server Assessment tool to assess our vSphere environment. We wanted to get a ball park on how we had to size the VMs. We knew, that we wont need to migrate all VMs. For example our virtual pfSense firewall, the vCenter, the Sophos UTM or our ADFS setup were not planned to migrate.
After the first assessment, we started to play around the the Azure pricing calculator. Just to get an idea on how different VM sizes affect the costs.
Subscription
As a Microsoft partner, we were able to use our internal user rights (IUR) for Microsoft Office 365 and Azure. Microsoft offers us 25 Office 365 E3 plans and a 6000 US-$ budget for Azure (Azure Sponsorship Subscription). Our plan was to stretch the Azure budget over 12 months, so that we don’t have additional costs until we re-apply for our Microsoft partnership. Starting with 6000 US-$ Azure budget, it makes ~16 US-$ per day for our complete Azure deployment.
Sizing
Now, as we knew that we have 16 US-$ per day, we planned our Azure deployment. First of all, we planned the number of VMs. We had 18 VMs on-prem, and we managed to get down to 9 VMs.
two Domain Controller
PKI
Fileserver
Management Server
Remote Desktop Host (all-in-one Deployment)
Ticket System
SQL/ App server
Exchange 2016 for Hybrid Deployment
The View Connection Servers and UAG are still running on-prem. Our virtual pfSense will be moved to a WatchGuard Firebox soon. Sophos UTM and ADFS are gone. A dedicated WSUS server is not necessary any more, we moved back to simple Windows Update and Delivery Optimization.
Instead of D-Series VMs, we decided to go for B-Series VMs. The main reason for this were costs, but today I can say: The performance is quite good. I can’t see any reason for us to move to D-Series.
To connect to our Azure deployment, we had to setup Site-2-Site VPN. We deployed a simple Gen1 Basic SKU VPN Gateway. We had no need for more than 100 Mbit (we’re using a 50/10 VDSL at our office location), BGP or zone redundancy.
Backups are kept in a Recovery Services Vault with pretty simple polices. Either a VM needs to be current, in this case we keep 7 restore points, or we might need to keep more restore points. In this case we keep 7 daily, 5 weekly, 12 monthly and 3 yearly restore points. And this is only the case for our fileserver.
Additional cost savings
But with this setup we would not get under 16 US-$ a day. :( So we took another approach to break the mark: We shut down VMs at night and at the weekends! It took a bit until my colleagues and I get used to this. Nobody wants to shut down servers without a good reason.
But: We are currently at 18 US-$ per workday, and 10 US-$ for saturday and sunday. Everything, except domain controllers and ticket system, is shutdown at night and on the weekends.
We are using an Automation Account with some simple scripts and schedules to shutdown VMs and start them again.
What’s next?
The next blog post will be around how we planned the usage of Office 365, and how we started with Azure.
This posting is ~3 years years old. You should keep this in mind. IT is a short living business. This information might be outdated.
Public Folders are still a thing. And while companies are moving their stuff into the cloud, Public Folders still need to be accessed by cloud-located mailboxes.
Allowing the access from Exchange Online mailboxes to on-premise hosted Public Folders is well documented by Microsoft, but there are also some fuzz. I had to deal with this during a Office 365 transition project at one of my customers.
The background
The customer is running a single Exchange 2016 server in a Windows Server 2012 R2 forest. AzureAD Sync is running and its syncing on-premise identities to AzureAD. The customer uses Office 365 E5 plans and he wants to move to Exchange Online, aside other O365 services like SharePoint Online, Teams etc.
Something was missing
After setting up the Exchange Hybrid, the customer and I where able to migrate the first mailboxes to Exchange Online.
To our surprise the on-premise Public Folders were not visible from the migrated Exchange Online mailboxes. We had still things to do…
In order to get the access to the Public Folders working, the Public Folder mailbox object needs to be synced to AzureAD. This is not complicated, because all you need to make sure is, that the user object is synced. If you are using an OU filter for the AzureAD sync, make sure that the OU with the Public Folder mailbox user object is included into the sync.
Check if the user is synced by using the Exchange Online PowerShell. This is how the Public Folder mailbox user looks like from the Exchange Online perspective:
PS C:\Users\p.terlisten> Get-MailUser Mailbox1
Name RecipientType
---- -------------
Mailbox1 MailUser
This is the Public Folder mailbox that is hosted on-premise.
PS C:\Users\p.terlisten> Get-Mailbox -PublicFolder
Name Alias ServerName ProhibitSendQuota
---- ----- ---------- -----------------
Mailbox1 Mailbox1 EX Unlimited
As long as you can’t see the MailUser in Exchange Online, you have no chance to configure the Public Folder access.
The next step is to synchronize the mail-enabled Public Folder objects to Exchange Online. For this, you have to download two scripts from Microsoft.
Sync-ModernMailPublicFolders.ps1
Sync-ModernMailPublicFolders.psd1
Run the Sync-ModernMailPublicFolders.ps1 script on your on-premise Exchange server. You will need your Office 365 admin credentials for this task.
Please note that some of these steps need some time to get active! It will take some time for the background tasks to get some things sorted.
Controlled Connections to Public Folders in Outlook
It is worth mentioning that after enabling the access to Public Folders all Exchange online users can see the on-premise hosted Public Folders. If you need to enable the access only for some Exchange Online users, Microsoft has a solution for you: Controlled Connections to Public Folders.
First, you need to enable the Public Folder access for the users you have selected.
This posting is ~3 years years old. You should keep this in mind. IT is a short living business. This information might be outdated.
A customer of mine asked for help to analyse a weird OAuth error. They are using a Microsoft Dynamics 365 Outlook plugin, which came up with an error:
“Can’t connect to Exchange”
In addition to this, they also faced an issueaccessing shared calendars of Exchange Online mailboxes.
Clearly an OAuth error. So we ran the Hybrid Connection Wizard again, which finished without any errors. But the errors persisted. Next stop: OAuth configuration.
We logged into one of the Exchange servers, started an Exchange Management Shell and checked the current OAuth configuration:
This posting is ~3 years years old. You should keep this in mind. IT is a short living business. This information might be outdated.
You might got this news some days ago: Starting with September 1, 2020, browsers and devices from Apple, Google, and Mozilla will show errors for new TLS certificates that have a lifespan greater than 398 days. Due to this move from Apple, Google and Mozilla, you have to deal with the replacement of certificates much more often. And we all know: Replacing certificates can be a real PITA!
Replacing TLS certificates used for ADFS and Office 365 can be a challenging task, and this blog post will cover the neccessary steps.
ADFS Server
The first service, for which we will replace the certificate, is the ADFS server, or the ADFS server farm. At this point it is important to understand that we are dealing with two different points to which the certificate is bound:
the ADFS service communications certificate, and
the ADFS SSL certificate
The first step is to replace the service communication certificate. After importing the certificate with private key, you need to assign “read” permission to the ADFS service account. Right click on the certificate, then “All Tasks” > “Manage Private Keys”.
Make sure to import the certificate on all farm servers! Next step: Start the ADFS management console on the primary node. Select “Certificates” and then “Select service communication certificate” on the right window pane.
Now we have successfully replaced the service communication certificate. But we are no finished yet! Now we have to set the ADFS SSL certificate. Depending on your OS, you have to run the PowerShell command on the primary node. If your are running Windows Server 2012 R2 or older, you have to run the PowerShell command on EVERY ADFS farm server!
You can get the certificate thumbprint using the Get-AdfsSslCertificate command. Set the ADFS SSL certificate with
In most cases you will have one or more ADFS proxies in your DMZ. The ADFS proxy is nothing more than a Web Application Proxy (WAP) and therefore the PowerShell commands for WAP will be used.
First of all: Import the new certificate with the private key on all ADFS proxies, and then get the certificate hash of the new certificate. Then open an elevated PowerShell on each proxy.
Then we have to re-establish the trust between the proxies and the primary ADFS farm server. You will need the local (!) administrator account of the primary farm server.
The last step is to update thefederated trust with Office 365.
Update the federated trust with Office 365
To update the federated trust with Office 365, you will need the Windows Azure Active Direcotry Module for Windows PowerShell and an elevated PowerShell. Connect to Office 365 and update the federated trust:
This posting is ~3 years years old. You should keep this in mind. IT is a short living business. This information might be outdated.
Six weeks ago, I passed the Microsoft AZ-103 exam and earned the Azure Administrator Associate. A last minute pass, because AZ-104 was already launched. But better late than never. I had to re-schedule the exam a couple of times because the test center was closed due to COVID19.
The Azure Administrator Associate is a Administrator-role certification and it is all about implementing, managing and monitoring the Azure identity, governance, storage, compute, and virtual network solutions.
The exam covers a couple of topics and you should have knowledge and hands-on experience in administering Azure services using the Azure Portal, PowerShell, Azure CLI, and Azure Resource Manager templates.
Your knowledge is tested over a broad band of topics. These topics are:
Manage Azure identities and governance
Implement and manage storage
Deploy and manage Azure compute resources
Configure and manage virtual networking
Monitor and back up Azure resources
How to prepare for the exam
Fortunately I have a monthly Azure credit which I can use to gain new skills. I used these Azure credit together with the Microsoft Learning Path for AZ-103 (now 104).
It is pretty important no only to focus on VMs, storage or networking. Web Apps was one of my blind spots, and I had to get my head around it. Azure identities and governance is not so hard, if you are already familiar with Office 365.
I learned a lot from the Microsoft Documentation for Azure, and I was really impressed how much I was able to find, read and learn from there.
Next stop: Microsoft Certified: Azure Solutions Architect Expert
Microsoft has announced to retire all remaining exams associated with Microsoft Certified Solutions Associate (MCSA), Microsoft Certified Solutions Developer (MCSD), Microsoft Certified Solutions Expert (MCSE) on January 31, 2021, so the role-based certifications introduced in September 2018 are the way to go.
I’m currently holding a MCSE for Core Infrastructure and one for Productivity. Based on this, the Azure Solutions Architect Expert is the next step for me.
This posting is ~3 years years old. You should keep this in mind. IT is a short living business. This information might be outdated.
Microsoft Teams got a big push due to the current COVID19 crisis and many of my customers deployed it in the past weeks. At ML Network, we are using Microsoft Teams for more than a year, and we don’t want to miss it anymore.
We are running Exchange 2016 on-premises, currently CU16. We were missing the calendar tab in Teams since we started with Microsoft Teams. when you do some research about this issue, you will find many threads and blog posts, but these are the two key facts:
it is supported with on-premises hybrid Exchange deployments
it works flawless with Exchange Online
Our Exchange is configured as full-hybrid mode deployment. I did this as we deployed Office 365 at our organization.
Let’s summarize:
Exchange 2016 CU16
Hybrid Deployment
Office 365 with Teams enabled
no calendar tab when the Exchange mailbox is hosted on-premises
OAuth FTW!
While doing an Exchange Hybrid deployment for one of my customers some weeks ago, I’ve stumbled over an OAuth error message at the end of the Hybric Connection Wizard. The message was HCW8064
“HCW has completed, but was not able to perform the OAuth portion of your Hybrid configuration”
We were not able to fix this. Microsoft offers two solutions:
Yesterday I did the upgrade from CU15 to CU16 on our Exchange server and while watching the progress bar I did some research on this issue again. I found strong evidence that Microsoft Teams needs working OAuth to display the calendar tab and access the on-premises hosted mailbox. So I gave it a try and used the latest version of the HCW wizard.
What should I say? No OAuth configuration error and after a restart of Microsoft Teams, the calendar tab appeared.
This posting is ~3 years years old. You should keep this in mind. IT is a short living business. This information might be outdated.
The task was simple: Change the alias and the primary SMTP address of a Microsoft Teams team. This can be done by changing the alias and the SMTP address of the underlaying Office 365 group. But how? All you need is a PowerShell connection to Exchange Online.
All you need is a PowerShell on your local computer and Office 365 credentials with the necessary privileges.
First we need to provide the necessary credentials.
$cred = Get-Credential
A windows will come up and you must enter your Office365 credentials.
The next step is to create a PowerShell remote session with Exchange Online.
I, Patrick Terlisten (Place of residence: Germany), would like to process personal data with external services. This is not necessary for using the website, but allows me to interact even more closely with them. If desired, please make a choice:
I, Patrick Terlisten (Place of residence: Germany), would like to process personal data with external services. This is not necessary for using the website, but allows me to interact even more closely with them. If desired, please make a choice:
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